Feminism And The United States - 1540 Words

Feminism in the United States â€Å"I think it is right that I am paid the same as my male counterparts. I think it is right that I should be able to make decisions about my own body. I think it is right that women be involved on my behalf in the policies and decisions that will affect my life. I think it is right that socially, I am afforded the same respect as men,† stated by the U.N Women Goodwill Ambassador Emma Watson, a strong feminist activist. In society today, women need feminism in order to have economic, social, and political equality. Women have worked extremely hard to gain success throughout the feminist movement, a movement to secure legal, social, and economic equality, but have been discouraged by†¦show more content†¦According to Centuries of Citizenship: A Constitutional Timeline, the first-wave ended in the United States, when the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution was passed in 1919. This granted women to have the right to vote in all states. The second-wav e feminism movement in the U.S. started in the 1960s and lasted until the 1980s. This wave focused on fighting for social and cultural equality, reproductive rights, equality in the workplace, sexuality, and other issues concerning domestic violence and rape. The greatest accomplishment from this era of feminism was the passing of the Equal Pay Act of 1963, which made it illegal to discriminate wages based on gender (Rampton). Finally, the third-wave feminism started in the 1990s and continues through today. At the start of this movement, feminists focused on sexuality and gender roles, whereas today the focus has transitioned back to fighting for social, political, economic, and cultural equality (Rampton). Although the feminist movement’s objectives have been recognized since the first-wave and women have gained numerous rights such as the right to vote and reproductive rights, oppression still continues today. In society today, people opposed to the views of feminism do no t want the feminist movement to be successful, because they fear the outcome of men not being superior to women anymore. Many people who are resistant to feminism believe the main goal of

The Organizational Structure Free Essays

For one to comprehend the role of a project manager they must first understand the Organizational structure (pecking order) of the general contracting firm. A flow chart, has beenprovided as a representative example of a company whose size and annual dollar volumecontrols the employment structure and position of the project manager in their role. To controlthe operation of support staff required for general administration of the business, and with the growing demand to service the field operation, the head of the company needs to exercise overall management with the freedom from the direct demands of project operations. We will write a custom essay sample on The Organizational Structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now To accomplish this the head employs the project manager, the overseer of the project, to organize and implement project continuity. Under the direct control of the project manager is the project superintendent, project engineer, administrative assistant and accounting clerk, with increased or decreased staffing for larger or smaller projects (or when significant time constraints exist). Also working for the project manager, reporting directly to the superintendent are trades foreman and subcontractor field ersonnel. This grouping of workers perform the specific and specialty trade work for the project. The project manager has the dubious task of overseeing the subcontracts and the scope of work for each trade of a particular project. This rounds off the field reporting element of the The office related responsibilities add another tier of responsibility for the project manager to manage. Each of these employees share the responsibility of reporting information ccurately and as the project manager formats. The administrative assistant provides the clerical support and assistantship needed to maintain the many meeting minutes and logs with the project manager who is solely dependent upon for success. Where the project manager is the primary cost manager for their respective projects, the financial support needed by the project manager in payment to subcontractors and suppliers keeps the project moving smoothly. Accurate record keeping helps the project manager to project reasonably accurate profit margin The project manager also has responsibilities to control the processes that support the construction such as purchasing, receiving and warehousing of the project materials to be incorporated into the project. This function, may become the responsibility of the project superintendent for the successful purchase of the materials. Under each scenario, the project manager retains the responsibility for inventory and product controls How to cite The Organizational Structure, Essay examples

A. Marcello Oboe Concerto in D Minor free essay sample

I was captured by the simple yet eloquent melodies that were presented UT I also was curious as I had not known of Benefited to write for oboe. I also know that Marcello stated, Oboes, flutes, trumpets, bassoons, etc. , will always be out of tune, too sharp, etc. I acquired the published edition of the oboe concerto from a company in Amsterdam and it listed the composer as Teeter Statistical. Since this only added to the mystery of who the true composer of the piece Is, I decided to return to my home In Venice so that I might Investigate for myself and find out the truth.I have arrived back at Venice and I feel it should be noted the rise In compositions and reference of the woodwind instruments, especially the oboe. For many years string players have dominated the performing scene here in the Italian republics. Before the turn of the century, there was a sudden increase of instruments being produced. We will write a custom essay sample on A. Marcello Oboe Concerto in D Minor or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The recorder, transverse flute, oboe, bassoon were becoming a regular part of the musical life here and masterpieces were being written for these Instruments. Italian woodwind players are considered the finest In Europe and many are becoming quite famous.The oboe in particular has become a primary Instrument here in Venice. The Escapade Della Petite; where I teach, has had many of the finest oboe teachers. These teachers are the virtuosi of our day and include Ignition Orion, Inform, Pennant, Ludwig Redrawn and Ignition Giber. Myself have taken oboe lessons from these gentlemen at the insistence of Francesco Aspiring. I have digressed enough from my original mission. It is now time to seek out the true composer of this wonderful oboe concerto. There are three Marcello brothers, Alexandra, Benefited and Giordano, who were born of nobility here in Venice.Benefited is well-known for his music. Alexandra composes also but his interests actually lie more with philosophy, mathematics, history, chemistry, painting and poetry. Alexandra has a small body of work in music. This is probably due to him being much more of a fugue head in the Venetian government since his father passed away in 1707. Benefited has a much larger body of work composing of many Instrumental and sacred vocal pieces. I recalled that considering the academic pursuits of the Marcello, that It was possible that they were members of the Arcadian colony.The Arcadian were a new movement of intellectuals that emphasized the respect of artistic achievement and a return to the Greek ideals that music and poetry worked together. They also wished to avoid lavish displays and encouraged simplicity. The Arcadian would also use pseudonyms and I discovered that the pseudonym of Teeter Statistical belonged to Alexandra. It is typical of nobles such as the Marcello to conduct concerts in their home. I went to the Palazzo Marcello and discovered a concert was being performed that had the concerto on its program. The oboist was unknown to me.The audience contained mostly nobles and government officials. I arrived Just as the concert was about to being. You can hear the Acadia ideals in Leaseholders piece. When the oboe finally enters, the melody line is simple but it carries you and makes you want to listen. It is almost like there isnt an oboist on stage but a vocalist singing to you. The first movement, Andante e copycats, is not very technical but has a motion and energy that drives each phrase. I have noticed that I dont hear the same ornaments as the Bach transcription which leads me to believe that Bach added his own ornaments to his work.The second movement, Adagio, I believe is one of the most graceful melodies to have come upon my ears. The strings begin on a repeated unison note of D using slow eighths. The next measure only contains a repeated E and D in the same pattern but it leads you to a wonderful cadence in measure three. This motion brings in the oboe part playing a lifting, airy melody that almost makes you float out of your seat. You can clearly hear the combination of poetry and music. The slow, melancholy melody makes the performer sound as if he is crying out for something that has been lost to him.The final movement, Presto, is the most technical of the piece but it doesnt lose the emotion the rest of the work contains. The Presto has a sense of urgency that is released on the final cadence which ends on a major chord. Afterwards, I was unable to find the composer to give him my impression of his work. Alexandra may be the lesser known composer but his work shows him to be a master of music and the many other undertakings in the intellectual world that he has. I can only pray that time doesnt lose sight of not only Alexandra but also Benefited and the contributions they have given to the musical world.

To what extent is Act III Scene II pivotal to Hamlet Essay Thesis Example For Students

To what extent is Act III Scene II pivotal to Hamlet? Essay Thesis Hamlet-Year 10 Coursework I think that Act III scene ii is not pivotal to Hamlet, for three different reasons. Firstly why I think this is, the situation that Hamlet has with Claudius, after Claudius has killed his father. Secondly, the audiences and Claudius reaction to the mousetrap play, performed by the actors, in which Claudius kills Hamlets father. Finally the third reason is the treatment Hamlet gives towards Ophelia. Hamlet until this point has been very uncertain about what to do about the situation with Claudius. Hamlet has seen the Ghost of his father who explains that Claudius killed him, but Hamlet is unsure if he should believe what the Ghost has said, Act II Scene ii I know my course. The spirit that I have seen may be a Devil and the Devil hath power Tassume a pleasing shape. Once Hamlet has decided to believe the ghost he has two choices. Hamlets first choice, of which he is undecided, is if he should carry out the deed of killing Claudius, in revenge for his father, which he has promised that he would do, Act I Scene v Haste me to knowt that I with wings as swift as meditation or the thoughts of love may sweep to my revenge. We will write a custom essay on To what extent is Act III Scene II pivotal to Hamlet? Thesis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Or Hamlets second choice is to get himself out of this situation completely and kill himself, Act III Scene I To be or not to be. Hamlet now needs proof that Claudius did kill his father, Act II Scene ii Ill have grounds more relative than this. The plays the thing, where in Ill cath the conscience of the King. Hamlet decides on the Mousetrap, a guilty reaction from Claudius, will allow Hamlet to kill Claudius. No reaction from Claudius will make Hamlet disbelieve the ghost and question his own sanity. I think that this reason is not pivotal, because although Hamlet has finally made his first positive action which is to kill Claudius, in revenge for his father Hamlet fails to do so. Hamlet has the perfect chance after the guilty reaction of Claudius during the play, Hamlet has a perfect chance to kill Claudius at the alter, but he fails to do the deed. Act III Scene iii, Ad might I do it pat now a is a praying and now all dot and so a goes to heaven. and A villain kills my father as for that, I his sole son do this same villain send him to heaven. This means that if Hamlet kills Claudius now, Claudius will be sent to heaven because he is forgiving his sins at the alter, Hamlet will then go to hell as the consequence if he does kill Claudius. As I explained before, the reaction of the audience towards the scene in the Mousetrap, play where Claudius kills Hamlets father. This is an opportunity for the audience to get a clear indication of Claudiuss guilt, as we only know what Hamlet knows. When we see Claudiuss reaction this means that we, the audience, know things that other characters do not. If Claudius makes a big reaction to the play, the audience will feel confident that Claudius is guilty. No reaction from Claudius will mean that the audience will begin to doubt the reliability of Hamlet, and Hamlet will have to prove his own sanity to himself. A small reaction from Claudius, will mean that the audience will still be unsure about what to believe, should they believe Hamlet or not. Again I feel that this is not pivotal because, although Claudius reacts to the play after the actor playing the King is murdered Claudius arises from his seat and leaves the room, Act III Scene ii Give me some light. .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .postImageUrl , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:hover , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:visited , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:active { border:0!important; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:active , .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77 .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u646d247759309e58ab2cb94524c68e77:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Polonius' Observations on Hamlet's Madness EssayAway. Also Claudius has now realized that Hamlet has been faking his madness the whole time. Claudius finds this out when Hamlet arrives back home from England, where he has been sent by Claudius to be killed, when Hamlet returns to find out that Ophelia has died. Hamlet makes a speech at the burial of Ophelia. I find this point also non-pivotal because although Claudius reacts to the play Hamlet is still unsure what Claudius is actually reacting to, Claudius could just be reacting to the death of his brother and the play itself, or he is reacting due to guilt that he has murdered his brother. Finally Hamlets treatment of Ophelia throughout the story. Hamlet has always loved Ophelia throughout the play, but when he has to fake his madness because he knows that he is being watched by Polonius, Ophelia returns the gifts to Hamlet that he had given her believing that Hamlet does not love her anymore. Then when it comes to the play where Hamlet finds out whether Claudius is guilty or not. Hamlet subjects Ophelia to a torrent of sexual innuendo Act II Scene ii: Hamlet: Lady, shall I lay upon your lap? Ophelia: No, my lord. Hamlet: I mean my head upon your lap? Ophelia: Ay, my lord. This is something that she shouldnt even be listening to, woman, in the Elizabethan era, should be chaste. The next time we see Ophelia she has gone mad. Again paradox I think that this non-pivotal. I think this because, Yes she may have gone mad due to the fact that herself and Hamlet are together for the last time at the play this may have made her go mad due to that her true love has left her, or that Hamlet may have influenced her to go mad when Hamlet was faking his madness. ut on the other hand, No she is not mad and she may have killed herself because of the grief of her fathers death at the hands of her beloved. As I said in the introduction I think that Act III Scene ii is non-pivotal to Hamlet, because although Hamlet has made first and only positive decision he has not done anything about it. Hamlets mind and dilemma throughout the play is muddled because he finds out that Claudius has killed his father but has done nothing in revenge for this. Hamlet also has trouble with Ophelia that he needs to sort out but he doesnt and then it is to late and Ophelia ends up dead.

Which Colleges Require All ACT Scores Sent

Which Colleges Require All ACT Scores Sent SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Wondering which colleges require you to send allyour ACT scores when you apply?We have a list here of the most popular schools that require all scores, as well as a guide to looking up this information for any school in the country. Read on to learn which colleges want to see your entire ACT testing history. What to Know Before You Send ACT Scores Nearly all colleges require you to send either SAT scores or ACT scores as part of your application. But colleges differ on how they handle multiple sets of scores, such astwo sets of ACT scores. Some colleges require you to send your entire ACT testing record if you took the ACT more than once- even if that means sending some not-so-great scores. Other colleges are fine with you just sending scores from one ACT test date. While most colleges are fine with receiving just one set of ACT scores, there are many- including some high-profile schools- that require your entire testing history. We will reveal them below. Which Schools Require All ACT Scores? There is no comprehensive list from ACT, Inc. of all the colleges that require all ACT scores (unlike the College Board, which provides a list of all the colleges requiring all SAT scores). However, schools will say on their admissions websites whether they require all ACT scores, usually quite clearly. If they don't require all scores, they'll just give the usual spiel about requiring at least one SAT or ACT score per application. We were able to put together this guide by researching admissions sites of various colleges and universities.In terms of methodology, we looked up the most popular/top-tier schools from our SAT all scores list to see whether they also require all ACT scores (hint: many of them do!). From our research, we found that schools that didn’t require all SAT scores never required all ACT Scores either. Even more interesting, some of the schools that require all SAT scores don’t require all ACT scores (as one might assume)- we'll list some of those below, too. Anytime admissions websites weren’t clear, we called admissions offices directly to confirm the school's ACT score policy. By doing this, we were able to come up with a list of more than a dozen high-profile schools that require all ACT scores. Sometimes just dialing up an admissions officer is the easiest way to get info about a college's ACT policy. Colleges That Require You to Send All ACT Scores It's time for the list! Below are some well-known colleges that require applicants to submit all ACT scores with their applications. Barnard College "Barnard does not participate in score choice and requires students to send all standardized testing scores....For the ACT, we will use your highest composite; we do not superscore the ACT. ...We have always practiced the spirit of score choice. However, we do prefer to see a student's full testing history to have a complete picture."* *Emphasis mine Barnard College, which is an all-women’s school associated with Columbia University, requires all ACT scores for admission. It’s worth noting that this scores policy is stricter than Columbia's. Carnegie Mellon University "All applicants are required to submit all official results of either the old SAT Reasoning Test/SAT Test or the ACT Test.* ... While we're interested in the general pattern of your scores, we give most weight to the highest score you've received on any of the exams." *Emphasis mine Note that Carnegie Mellon is interested in the "general pattern" of your scores- i.e., when they went up, when they went down, and what your overall ACT score ranges are. This is typical for schools that require all scores. That being said, the highest score you receive will be given the most weight. Georgetown University "Georgetown University does not participate in the Score Choice option available through the College Board. Georgetown requires that you submit scores fromall test sittingsof the SAT, ACT, and SAT Subject Tests." Georgetown explains their all scores policy by saying that having the full testing history allows them to assess applicants across the pool fairly. Even though your highest scores are the ones that will receive the most attention, your lower ACT scores will receive at least some consideration as well. Rice University "The ACT's definition of a composite score is the average of the four multiple-choice scale scores from a single administration of the exam. Therefore, it is Rice’s policy to use the highest ACT composite score in admission consideration from a single administration." I called to clarify that Rice requires all ACT scores since it's not explicit on their website. Rice does, in fact, require all ACT scores,though they'll use your highest composite when they review your file. Stanford University "All scores from all high school sittings of either the ACT or SAT (or both if you took both) are required. ...For the ACT, we will review all subscores and will focus on the highest Composite and the highest English and writing scores from all test sittings." You should note that Stanford requires all ACT scores and all SAT scores- not just one or the other. This is one of the strictest standardized test policies around! Syracuse University Syracuse University is on the College Board’s list of schools that require all SAT scores. They also say on their website, "The Admissions Committee will consider the highest score you have achieved on either the SAT or ACT"(bold emphasis mine). I called and confirmed their ACT score policy since it wasn’t specified on their website. So is ita requirement to send all ACT scores to Syracuse? Here's what they said: "Yes, it is a requirement to send all of your [ACT] scores. ... You do send all your scores and then we look at the highest scores." Even though Syracuse will focus on your highest score, they require you to send all ACT scores. University of California System "In the College Board's Score Choice module, ensure that all scores are sent to UC.* We require all scores and will use the highest scores from a single administration. For the ACT with Writing test, we will focus on the highest combined score from the same test administration." *Emphasis mine I called and confirmed that this means you have to send all ACT scores as well, even if they will just focus on your highest overall composite. So if you’re interested in any of the UC schools- from UC Berkeley to UCLA to UC Davis- be prepared to send all of your ACT scores for them to review. University of Miami "If you take the [ACT or SAT] more than once, please ensure that the testing agency sends all of your scores so that we have your best performance on record.*The Admission Committee will consider all official test scores from multiple test dates. We will use the highest composite score from among each test that you’ve taken." *Emphasis mine While the University of Miami seems committed to just looking at your highest ACT scores, they do require all scores to make sure they know an applicant’s entire testing record. University of Pennsylvania "Although we permit Score Choice, we encourage students to submit their entire testing history for both ACT and SAT exams." It's worth noting that Penn used to have a much stricter test scores policy that was similar to Stanford's. Now, however, it strongly recommends (but does not require) applicants to submit all ACT scoresand SAT scores. Yale University "Applicants who have taken the SAT or ACT exam multiple times should report all scores from whichever test they choose to report.Applicants who choose to report scores from both the SAT and ACT should report all scores received on both tests.* ...When assessing ACT results, admissions officers focus on the highest ACT Composite from all test dates while also considering individual ACTsubscores." *Emphasis mine Yale’s policy is similar to Stanford’s in that they require all SAT scores and all ACT scores if you took both tests.However, note that with the ACT, they will be focusing the most on your highest composite score. Colleges That Require All SAT Scores but Not All ACT Scores There are a few colleges that require all SAT scores but don’t have the same policy for the ACT. Although none of the schools explained- either on their websites or by phone- why their policies are different for the SAT and ACT, we have a couple of guesses. Our first guess has to do with cost. The SAT does not charge extra money to send additional score dates to a school, whereas the ACT does. While it costs $12 to send all of your SAT scores to one college, it could cost $26 or even $39 to do the same with the ACT, depending on how many times you’ve taken the test. Colleges that are aware of this might have made their ACT policies more lenient as a result. Not everyone has bags of money to spend on college admissions ... Our second guess is the way the two tests are evaluated. Though many colleges are interested in a student’s highest SAT score on each section (Math and Evidence-Based Reading and Writing), with the ACT, they often care the most about your overall composite score. This might be because the ACT’s final composite is evenly balanced between Reading, English, Math, and Science, whereas the SAT’s composite gives half the weight to Math and one-fourth the weight each to Reading and Writing. If a college will be looking at the highest ACT composite score, they're likely fine with the student just sending that one score. By contrast, for the SAT, they might want to see all sittings of that test so they can compare subsections. We’ve listed some high-profile schools here that require all SAT scores but not all ACT scores to help you decide between the two tests. Cornell University "Allrequired scoresmust be officially reported to Cornell from the testing agency by our application deadline.Note that Cornell requires students to submit all scores from SAT tests taken and does not participate in the College Board’s Score Choice." However, when I called and talked to an admissions representative, I was told that all ACT scores do not have to be submitted- this policy only applies to the SAT. So for Cornell, feel free to send just your best ACT score. The George Washington University George Washington isa test-optional school, meaning it does not require SAT or ACT scores (though applicants may submit them if desired). However, the school still appears on the College Board’s all scores list for the SAT, suggesting that if you do decide to send SAT scores, you should send all of them. It was not clear whether this policy applies to the ACT as well, soI called the university and asked whether students who choose to submit ACT scores must send all their scores. I received a short, simple answer:"No, you’re not required to send all your ACT scores."For GWU, you only have to send your best ACT score (if you choose to submit any at all). Pomona College "We do not require that you submit multiple test scores. We do recommend it because we superscore," I was told by an admissions counselor when I asked whether applicants must send all ACT scores to Pomona. Be aware that Pomona superscores the ACT, meaning they'll take your highest section scores from different test dates and combine them to make your highest possible composite score. If you have two ACT dates that could be superscored into a markedly higher composite, it might be worth it to send both score dates to Pomona. Texas AM University Are you required to send all ACT scores to Texas AM? Here's what they said when I called them: "You could just send one [set of ACT scores], but it’s not going to hurt you to send multiple scores." So while Texas AM will look at only your highest ACT composite, you can send just one score if you want. Tufts University From speaking to an admissions representative at Tufts, I learned that "it’s not a requirement, but is suggested to send all ACT scores."So if you have high section scores spread across two different ACT dates, you might want to send both dates to Tufts. However, you can also just send the highest composite score if you want to save money! University of Washington I called the University of Washington to ask whether they require all ACT scores or not. Here's what they said: "We request you send all scores from the SAT exams. We recommend you send all of your ACT scores. On our website it does not specify that you send all ACT scores, so you can just send one."* *Emphasis mine How to Find the ACT Score Policy for Any College Our list above doesn't include every single college that requires all ACT scores. So how can you find out whether a school you're interested in applying to requires your entire ACT testing history? Let's go through the process together, step by step. First, check to see whether the school is on the all SAT scores list. If it is, it’s very likely that it'll also require all ACT scores. You can still look up the school even if it’s not on the list. Just note that it’s probable that if a school doesn’t require all SAT scores, neither will it require all ACT scores. For example, I'm searching for the ACT score policy at Amherst College. They did not appear on the list of schools that require all SAT scores, so I don't expect them to require all ACT scores either. Next,go to the school's undergraduate admissions website tofind the first-year application requirements page.(You can just search "[School Name] first year/freshmen admission" to look this up quickly.) This page will list the standardized testing required to apply. Many all-test-scores schools will specify their policies here. Here's what I got when I searched for "amherst college first year admission": Click on the link to your school's official application requirements page. On Amherst's "First-Year Applicants" page, there's a section about standardized test results that looks like this: Amherst "recommend[s] that applicants submit all test results" (bold emphasis mine). Since they don't say require, it looks like you can just send your best ACT score. I'll check the FAQ page just to make sure, though. If there's nothing on Score Choice or all scores on your school's "First-Year Requirements" page, find the FAQ page and see whether there's a question about it.Here are some questions to look out for: Do you accept SAT Score Choice Can I submit the ACT/SAT more than once? How many times should I take the ACT/SAT? Here's the closest answer on Amherst's FAQ page I could find having to do with sending multiple test results: Amherst uses the phrase, "If the applicant submits multiple ACT results," implying that you most likely do not need to send all ACT scores. Given that Amherst is not on the SAT all scores list and doesn't seem strict about how many test scores it receives, it's probably safe to conclude that Amherst does not require all ACT scores. If there’s no FAQ page or relevant question you can find, contact the school's admissions office by phone or email. The admissions office contact information is often listed at the bottom of the website. Be sure to ask the following question: "If I take the ACT twice, am I required to send both scores as part of my application?" If they say yes, ask this follow-up question to confirm:"So I’m required to send all of my ACT scores to [School Name]?" If they so no, then ask this follow-up: "So if I send just one of my ACT scores, that meets your standardized testing requirement?" Once you get your answer, don't forget to thank them for their time or ask any other questions you might have about the application process. The Workaround: Deleting an ACT Score Date To recap, we've discovered it’s fairly rare for a college to require all ACT scores. That said, some very popular schools, such as Stanford, Georgetown, and Yale, do require all of your ACT scores. There are some good reasons to not want to send all of your ACT scores, especially to competitive schools. The first is cost. As previously mentioned, ACT, Inc.charges you per score date and per school to send your ACT scores.So if you took the ACT three times, you'd have to pay $39 ($13 for each test date) just to send your scores to one all-scores school. If you're applying to multiple colleges, these costs can add up quickly. The second reason to avoid sending all of your ACT scores is competitiveness. If you have a low composite score from one test date, it could damage your chances of getting accepted toa competitive school. All in all, if you really don’t want to send all of your ACT scores and you've got one score date that's decidedly better than your other ones (meaning the composite is higher and most, if not all, of the subscores are higher), it's a good idea tokeep the high score- and delete the other ones. To delete an ACT score, you must submit a written request to ACT, Inc. They will then send you a form to fill out, which you will send back to complete the process.Read our guide to deleting ACT scoresfor more information on how to do this and to learn more about what deleting ACT scores means for you. What’s Next? Is your ACT score good enough? Learn what an excellent ACT score is for your top-choice schools. Did you know a high ACT score can also help you net thousands of dollars in scholarships? See our list of automatic scholarships for high ACT scoresfor more information. Studying for an ACT retake? Learn how to stop running out of time on the Math and Reading sections, and check out our complete guide to ACT Science- it’s the best around! Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Idioms and Expressions Using Have for ESL

Idioms and Expressions Using Have for ESL The following idioms and expressions use the verb have. Each idiom or expression has a definition and two example sentences to help your  understanding of these common idiomatic expressions with have. English Idioms and Expressions Using Have have a big mouth Definition: somebody who tells secrets, who is a gossip Dont talk to Mary she has a big mouth.If you didnt have such a big mouth, Id tell you my secrets. have a bee in your bonnet Definition: have an obsession, something that always remains in your thoughts and efforts She has a bee in her bonnet that health care must change.If I have a bee in my bonnet, I have to do everything I can until I can make it happen. have a bone to pick with someone Definition: have something (usually a complaint) that you want to discuss with someone I have a bone to pick with you. Just a moment, lets talk.Toms looking for Pete because hes got a bone to pick with him. have a brush with something Definition: have brief contact, or experience with someone or something I had a brief brush with Jack and I didnt like it.Hes had a brief brush with unemployment. have a chip on your shoulder Definition: be in a bad mood and challenging people to fight Dont take him seriously, he just has a chip on his shoulder.Yes, I have a chip on my shoulder! What are YOU going to do about it?! have a close call Definition: be close to danger I had a close call yesterday and was almost in an accident.Shes had a few close calls in her life. have a familiar ring Definition: sound familiar, as if youve heard it before That story has a familiar ring. Did we read that last year?Her experiences have a familiar ring. I guess everybody goes through that. have a good head on your shoulders Definition: have common sense, be sensible Jack has a good head on his shoulders. Dont worry about him.I think you have a good head on your shoulders. You should trust your decision. have a green thumb Definition: be very good at gardening Alice obviously has a green thumb. Look at that garden!My wife has a green thumb, so I let her do all the gardening. have a heart Definition: be compassionate or generous and forgiving with somebody Dont hold that against her. Have a heart!I think hell have a heart and forgive you. have a heart of gold Definition: be generous and sincere Mary has a heart of gold. I just love her.The teacher has a heart of gold with her students. have a heart of stone Definition: be cold and unresponsive, unforgiving Dont make him angry. He has a heart of stone.I cant believe how he treats his children. Hes got a heart of stone. have an ax to grind Definition: complain about something often He has an ax to grind against his health care provider.I know you have an ax to grind against Agatha, but stop complaining! have an in with someone Definition: have special access to someone (often used at work) She has an in with the boss. Let her ask him for permission.I wish I had an in with the director so I could get a promotion. have a one-track mind Definition: always thinking about one thing He has a one track mind. He cant talk about anything besides golf.Do you have a one-track mind? have a soft spot in your heart for someone or something Definition: love or adore a thing or person Ive got a soft spot in my heart for Maria Callas.He has a soft spot in his heart for pinball! have a sweet tooth Definition: like sweets too much I know you have a sweet tooth, but you need to be careful.I need to watch my weight, especially because I have a sweet tooth. have clean hands Definition: to without guilt, guiltless Dont blame him, he has clean hands.The man claimed to have clean hands in the crime. have egg on ones face Definition: be embarrassed after having done something very stupid I had egg on my face after I asked that stupid question.I dont think he realizes he has egg on his face. have eyes in the back of your head Definition: seem able to follow everything that is going on, even though you do not focus on it She has eyes in the back of her head. Be careful!The students believed their teacher had eyes in the back his head. have mixed feelings Definition: to be uncertain about something or someone Janice has mixed feelings about Ken.Brad has mixed feelings about buying a new car. have money to burn Definition: have an excess of money Dont worry about it! Shes got money to burn.Do you think I have money to burn?! Of course, I cant buy you a diamond ring. have your hands tied Definition: be prevented from doing something Im afraid I have my hands tied and cant help you.Peter told me he had his hands tied on the Franklin deal. have your head in the clouds Definition: to not pay attention to what is going on around you Doug had his head in the clouds all the time he was at university.Do you have your head in the clouds?! Pay attention! have your tail between your leg Definition: be afraid of something, not have the ​courage to do something He just couldnt approach her. He seemed to have his tail between his legs.Janet went to her father with her tail between her legs and asked for forgiveness. have other fish to fry Definition: have more important things to do, have other opportunities Look. I have other fish to fry, so just say yes or no.Susan had other fish to fry and left her position at the bank. have someone or something in your hands Definition: have the responsibility for someone or something I have the project in my hands. If you have any questions, come to me.She had her boyfriend in her hands. She could do anything. have the Midas touch Definition: have the ability to easily be successful Hell succeed. Hes got the Midas touch.Ask her to approach those difficult clients. She has the Midas touch. have the presence of mind to do something Definition: stay calm in a dangerous or frightening, or emergency situation He had the presence of mind to cover her up before he went to find help.Alice has the presence of mind to take along some extra food before setting out on the hike.

Wheelchair Basketball Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Wheelchair Basketball - Essay Example The fact that these soldiers were recently paralyzed led to a lot of frustration and no outlet for them to channel their energy. As they began rehabilitation and searched for a physical outlet to relieve stress they decided what better than sports? (Schweiker: 1954) The soldiers began with sports such as ping-pong, catch and pool, then it went to bowling, volleyball and swimming, then to the more energy requiring sports such as water polo, touch-football, softball and basketball. Although several other sports have now been added, it was basketball that overshadowed the others in a few years time in overall popularity. In 1946, other historical documents reveal that the California Chapter of Paralyzed Veterans of America played the very first match of organized wheelchair basketball, two weeks prior to the New England Chapter. According to these facts, it thereafter spread across the nation to the VA hospitals in Chicago, Memphis, Boston, Richmond and New York. Not before long, the sp ort had spread across the border to the UK and to Canada as well. (Schweiker: 1954) By time 1948 rolled around, there were six teams in total in the United States. All were members of the PVA and all functioned from Veteran hospitals. This was the same year that the Birmingham, California team obtained a sponsored tour to travel by plane, and play other paraplegic teams across the nation. The immediate result of the first sponsored tour of the Birmingham Flying Wheels was the development of the first wheelchair basketball team outside of VA hospitals in Kansas City. The first ‘civilian’ hometown team was known as the Kansas City Wheelchair Bulldozers (later known as the City Rolling Pioneers). (Schweiker: 1954) In 1955, the Touring U.S. Pan Am Jets team was the first to bring wheelchair basketball to England, when they participated in the first international competition at Stoke Mandeville. (GBWA.org: 2011) Now, there are several teams throughout the United Stated, UK, and rest of the world. The first World Championships for Men, the G old Cup, took place in Bruges, Belgium in 1975, but has long since continued on thereafter. In the UK, The Great Britain Wheelchair Basketball Association governs wheelchair basketball. The GBWA is a registered charity and forms the representative body of wheelchair basketball in Northern Ireland, Scotland, Wales and England. Teams in the GBWA league consist of the RGK TCAT Rhinos, Sheffield Steelers, Teamside Owls, GLL Capital City Raiders, Essex Outlaws, Knights and Aces. However there are several more teams at different divisional levels. GBWA.org: 2011) Aside from the GBWA there is also the Welsh Wheelchair Basketball Association WWBA. The International Wheelchair Basketball Federation (IWBF) governs the sport itself. The height of the basket and the size of the court are the same as in the running version of the game (10 feet from the floor and 28mx 15m, respectively). The duration of for all international games is 40 minutes. In terms of eligibility, athletes using wheelchairs play wheelchair basketball, and whose disabilities might include lower limb amputations, paraplegia, polio and cerebral palsy. In general terms, any individual who cannot participate in stand-up running basketball as the direct result of an injury, disabling condition, etc. is eligible to play wheelchair basketball. It is important to note that not all participants in wheelchair basketball use a wheelchair for daily living. (Paralympics.org: 2011). Other important classifications to notice are the points rating system. Athletes in wheelchairs are classified by their physical

Japan and US Relationship in History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Japan and US Relationship in History - Essay Example In mid 19th century, America and Japan started their interaction in economic ventures and diplomatic relations. Among the ways these countries interacted included trading. During this time, various things characterized their view of each other. They expressed these feelings and thoughts about each other by diplomatic visits and entering into treaties that were targeted to bring cohesion and reduce any fear between them. During the time of interaction, some form of confusion and misunderstandings were manifested in their way of relations. Also, their initial interactions manifested differences that the two countries noticed about each other. The expression of diplomatic relationship is, however, noted in the way leaders addressed their counterparts through letters they wrote to each other. The kind of pictures that were drawn by both countries manifested their respect and honor for each other . Citizens of both countries manifested different views about each other. These citizens show ed this through their response when a leader from the other country visited; the reception these leaders got gave a lot of information about the citizens’ perception on the interaction between the two nations. The Japanese never thought Americans as equal to their leaders. Although they considered them important people, they still had some restrictions. For example, when Townsend Harris wanted to travel to Yedo, many Japanese were opposed to his view of going there on a horseback. Horses in Japan were a reserve of chosen few who were in royal ranks. It was only the vice-governor of Japan who supported the idea of Townsend going to Yedo by a horse . The views of Japanese about Americans were also characterized by respect for differences. For example, the images that were made to represent Americans manifested that Japanese respected Americans3. The Japanese drew a picture that represented streets of San Francisco with manifestation of well organized building structures. Again, the Japanese perceived Americans as a group of people who distorted their faith. According to them, the people from the west (i.e. the Americans) believed in Christianity which is different from the faiths of people f rom the Far East countries4. Japanese felt that Americans were people worth to be given freedom to live among them. The government of Japan gave Americans a chance to buy products and hire houses in Osaka and Yedo5. Americans tagged value on Japanese. This can be seen from the reception Japanese embassy was given when he visited San Francisco. The embassy was saluted with fifteen gun shots. In addition, residents of Alcatraz were waiting to see the Japanese embassy when he visited California6. Americans represented good pictures of Japanese leaders in the early times of their interaction. The kind of services Japanese received from Americans was a clear manifestation that they valued their relationship with Japanese. For example, the reception ceremony that was conducted by Americans when Japanese embassy visited their country was a colorful one. In the course of interaction between the Americans and Japanese, they continued to discover different things about each other. Their inter action was focused to understanding some things about each other. For instance, Americans wanted to know whether Japanese respected their rights. For example, when the American consul visited Yedo; first, he wanted to see whether he would be allowed to go into that city where none of the foreign embassies had ever entered. When finally he was allowed, he noted that the Japanese were highly regarding American officials who resided in Japan7. Also, the American

Discuss the use of literary technigues Essay Example for Free

Discuss the use of literary technigues Essay Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen is a very accomplished book because of Austens clever and successful use of literary techniques. Literary techniques refer to the deliberate construction of language to further the story whether that be to develop character, plot, suspense or to create an enjoyable humorous novel. Jane Austen applies many literary techniques such as point of view, dialogue, letters and irony to tell the story of Pride and Prejudice. Pride and Prejudice is told in third person limited omnipresent point of view but mainly told through Elizabeths consciousness. This point of view is a successful narrative technique because it gives an insight into the characters, mainly Elizabeths thoughts, and also helps to create suspense. This technique also arouses the readers sympathy for Elizabeth because we can see that she is being honest to herself, which is essential if we are to desire her reform. The officers of the-shire were in general a very creditable, gentlemanlike set. And the best of them were of the present party; but Mr Wickham was as far beyond them all in prison, countenance, air, and walk. (pg65) This is Elizabeths opinion of Mr Wickham that is later found out to be completely wrong but the reader can see her sincerity. By using this technique Austen can also control how much the reader knows about event and emotions which helps to create suspense. In the first section of the novel Austen occasionally reports form Darcys consciousness so that the reader is made aware of his growing feeling for Elizabeth and to highlight that Elizabeth was prejudice when she made a wrong judgment against Darcy. Darcy had never been so bewitched by any woman as he was by her. In Pride and Prejudice she does not report from Darcys point of view during the period between her two proposals, so that the reader, like Elizabeth, is uncertain whether he is lost forever. The dialogue in Pride and Prejudice is very successful in developing characters and advancing the plot. Austen brings her characters to life by having them reveal themselves or other characters reveal them to the reader through their dialogue, rather than through detailed narrative descriptions. Oh! you are a great deal apt you know, to like people in general. You never see a fault in any body. All the world are good and agreeable in your eyes. I never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life. This dialogue reveals Jane as being amiable, good-natured, and always assumes that others are as good-natured as she. In chapter three Darcys dialogue reveals his character to Elizabeth as being too proud. He thinks himself socially inferior to Elizabeth so declines from asking her to dance. This is one instance were the dialogue helps to create Elizabeths wrong judgement of Darcy and thus advancing her prejudice. She is tolerable; but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me. (pg13) Darcys sense of social superiority later proves his chief difficulty in admitting his love for Elizabeth. This dialogue also helps to advance the plot as his rudeness creates a negative impression of him in her mind, one that will linger for nearly half of the novel, until the underlying nobility of his character is gradually revealed to her. The dialogue within Pride and Prejudice is a very significant part of the novel as it is a way revealing to the reader the characters and the plot progression. In addition to using dialogue, Austen also successfully uses letters to reveal character and to further the plot. The use of letters also allows Austen to introduce a character before they arrive such as Mr Collins in the letter of chapter 15. The letter is a popular literary convention that Austen weaves very cleverly into her novel. The letter in Chapter 7 from Jane to Elizabeth is an example of how Austen uses this technique successfully. I find myself very unwell this morning, which, I suppose, is to be imputed to my getting wet through yesterday. This reveals Jane to be good hearted and none judgmental of her mother even though it was Mrs. Bennet who intentionally sent her out into the rain. Jane did not once say it was Mrs. Bennets fault. The way Jane describes the Bingley sisters as my kind friends also reinforces her warm heart. therefore do not be alarmed if you should hear of his having been to me. Even though Jane is the one that is unwell she is always looking out for others so she sends the letter to reassure Elizabeth and make sure she does not worry. The letter also demonstrates character relation as Jane sent it to Elizabeth showing that they have a close relationship. This letter also furthers the plot because as a result of this letter Elizabeth decides to visit Jane at Netherfield, which put Darcy and Elizabeth in more frequent and honest contact with each other. Just this one letter proves that the letter convention is a very successful narrative technique. Irony is the tension between literal meaning and implied meaning. Austen is able to present the main themes, criticise some characters and add humour through the use of irony within Pride and Prejudice. Jane Austin establishes her ironic tone in the opening sentence of Pride and Prejudice. It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife. However the opposite is the case. The truth is well fixed into the district, that he is already considered the rightful property of one of their daughters. It now becomes a competition for which mother has the daughter who gets him. Jane Austen treats the characters in Pride and Prejudice with irony. Mr Bennet is a prime example as he himself is a very sarcastic and ironic character. What say you Mary? For you are a young lady of deep reflection I know, and read great books, and make extracts. (pg9) Mr Bennet is being ironic because he knows that all Mary does is repeat what she reads and doesnt actually understand it so he is really poking fun at Mary. This is also dramatic irony because the reader knows that Mr Bennet is not serious, but Mary takes him seriously. Austen uses irony as the basis for the plot. The whole story is based around an ironic situation. Elizabeth prides herself on her observation of character but dislikes Darcy because she is under the mistaken impression that he disapproves of her. She is also mistaken by liking Wickham because he flatters her pride. In both cases she has judged incorrectly and begins her reform when she is given the truth in Darcy second proposal letter. The humour in Pride and Prejudice comes from this irony and from Austens gentle Satire. She laughs at human folly and social structure. Austin satirises Lady Catherine de Bourgh unmercifully as a member of the autocracy. Jane Austin laughs at how Lady Catherine believes so strongly in the distinction between classes. Lady Catherine believes because she is in a higher class that she can influence whoever she wants but Austen is saying that the superiority in social class does not necessarily mean superiority in ethics, morals and intellect. Verbal and dramatic irony are a very successful literary technique in Pride and Prejudice as they create humour and criticise and develop characters. Jane Austin constructs Pride and Prejudice through the use of four main narrative techniques. Third Person omnipresent point of view mainly through Elizabeths consciousness has the advantages of allowing the reader to sympathise with Elizabeth while being able to give the reader the narrative objectively. Austens use of dialogue allows her to reveal the character without giving a long narrative description. The use of a letter is proved very vital in Pride and Prejudice because plot and character development can be created in a couple of lines. Irony is also an important technique as it is the basic plot and creates the humour of the novel which is a great attraction to the reader.

The Dark Side of Judge Pyncheon in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Novel, The Hou

The Dark Side of Judge Pyncheon in Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Novel, The House of the Seven Gables People in society live in a masquerade. Everyone wears a decoratively adorned mask that displays beauty, purity, and service. However, behind the mask lies on the inside of all society. One will stop at nothing in order to be well liked, thus becoming hypocrites. In Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel, The House of the Seven Gables, the narrator uses intense diction, a vivid selection of detail, and a shocking tone to reveal that the character of Judge Pyncheon resembles perfection on the outside, yet â€Å"darker traits† sit latent on the inside. The narrator uses intense diction to describe Judge Pyncheon’s character as near perfection. He reflects traits such as â€Å"purity,† â€Å"faithfulness,† â€Å"devotedness,† â€Å"zeal,† â€Å"unimpeachable integrity† and â€Å"cleanliness.† This shows that he works very hard to keep a respectable public opinion. It is as if the judge does what the public thinks he ought to do. The narrator’s complement diction gives the judge a near to perfect appearance to onlookers. This respect...

Comparison of the French Revolution and the Salem Witch Trials

Coincidence and certainty —– comparison of the French Revolution and the Salem Witch Trials As we have learned on the class, these two distinguished historical events, the French Revolution and the Salem Witch Trials have obvious similarities and certain differences, we pay attention to them because these are two of the miserable man-made chaos in human history (although French Revolution has great positive importances to France and the whole world, there was unnegeletable chaos and massacres, that's what I what to illustrate above).In my point of view, after analysing different aspects of their backgrounds , we can say that besides the differences, there are also reasonable similarities between both of the events. To compare and contrast the French Revolution and the Salem Witch Trials, I would like to separate the topic into several parts associated with the events to illustrate my idea. Differences: 1, The Salem Witch Trials happened on 1692, while the French Revolut ion exploded on 1789, which means that these two events have a time gap of almost one hundred years. , Meanwhile, The Salem Witch Trials happened in Massachusetts, America, and the French Revolution at first bursted in Paris, France, and then spreaded around the whole country, the location is another difference. 3, Massachusetts, at that time was a colony of Great Britain, the overall social economy remained undeveloped as agricultural-based villages, no more to say the capitalization and modernization; while France in 1789 had already become one of the strongest country in Europe with a great economy development. , 1692 in Massachusetts, society was in the control of the colonists from Great Britain, villagers were kept in a primitive agricultural life, the main conflict in that region, in my opinion, was the gap between the rich and the poor among the villagers. 1789 in France, people were divided into three stages, first stage consisted of bishops and priests, second stage consis ted of aristocrat and royalty, and the third one consisted of bourgeois and peasants, while Bourgeois had become the most effective and active status in France by their talents and hardworking, they didn't enjoy any privileges and political rights; peasants ere under tough taxations and suffered from poverty. So the conflicts between the third stages and the first two stages were getting more and more serious. 5, 1692 in Massachusetts, most people were uneducated, thus inevitably had superstitious beliefs such as ghost and witch, effected by these kinds of beliefs, they were easily aroused and provoked, caused panic, then they could help going mad and doing crazy things. 789 in France, most people had been influenced by â€Å"the enlightement†, more and more people believed the thoughts of liberty, equality and fraternity, thus disappointed with the social fact. Similarity: 1, Among people who got involved into these two events, there were large amount of uneducated and poor persons: villagers in Massachusetts, and peasants in France. 2, I want to use the word â€Å"conformity† to explain the chaos and massacres of both events psycologically.Why were there so many innocent people sentenced to death penalty at last? Why did persons who used to be kind become brutal and blinded accused the others? I believe that on one hand, people have a trend to believe something which is believed by the majority, which has driven people in Massachusetts to accuse others of witches without any reasonable evidence and made people in France believe that some people were guilty to be traiters.On the other hand, when under a disordered situation, people lost their own sense of judgement and justice, in order to protect themselves from being accused guilty, they had to set up others to prove that they themselves were innocent. 3, Both of the events, fierce and terrible as they became, were finally terminated, with in my opinion, shows that human history has a strong a bility of self-recovery and development. The society changes after great chaos and people learn and make progresses, that's how we grow up.

Challenges: Struggle and Arnold Spirit Jr

Challenges Challenges, struggles are always a part of human life. Challenges are to test of one's abilities. Struggle what makes people stronger physically and emotionally it’s a difficulty, conflicts that people face to be success. It is not easy to accept challenges and struggle and achieve what you have been challenged for. In a novel called The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie the main character name Arnold Spirit Jr. was born in a poor Indian family and lived in a Indian reservation.Junior is a boy who wanted to do something different, different then people in his rez have ever done. His life always brings new challenges and struggled a lot. Life always brings challenges and struggles but the most important thing is how you accept challenges and struggle in order to succeed. Arnold spirit Jr. Life is began with a challenge He was born with cerebral spinal fluid and forty two teeth. Doctors said he is not going to survive or just a living objec t â€Å"even if I somehow survived the mini Hoover.I was supposed to suffer serious brain damage during the procedure and live the rest of his live as a vegetable† (page # 2). Due to his brain damage he had eyesight problem. But he survived he was fine a lived his live normally. He was born in a poor Indian family were they live in Indian reservation. They sometimes have to sleep empty stomach, â€Å"My family misses a meal, and sleep is the only thing we have for dinner† (page #8). One of his best friend name Oscar his pet. He lost him because he and his family didn’t have money to cure him.In spite of being poor and losing his pet Oscar he understood that his family is poor. He controlled his anger he had towards his family and him being poor. He learned and understood that it wasn’t his or his parent’s fault that they are poor. His anger level increased and he got out of control when he saw her mother’s name on his book. He had to study s o old book. His teacher realizes and tells him that he is strong and he has hope in his life that he can fulfill it. He doesn’t want to live his life like others. He then decided that his life is not going to be like others in rez he then decided to study in other school to fulfill his dream and goal. One of the most important challenge in his life was when he decided to think beyond what he have thought before, No one in his family or in his rez have ever thought of doing he decided to leave his rez school and join another school where white people studies in Readan. He had to face many problems and struggled a lot in order to go and study and be what he wants to be in life.His best and his only friend in rez Rowdy was no longer his friend. He was alone as he was the only Indian in that school. He was being bullied being called by different names in his new school as he was Indian. In spite of all his problem struggled he accepted it as a challenge. He fought with roger a st udent who bullied him all the time he punched him. Students started knowing him he was no longer being bullied or an unknown in school. He gained confident on himself. He started making friends. Even Roger became his friend.As he was physically weak than others he still joined basketball team were students in his team were big and tuff. It was hard for him to join the team but he did it he proved himself that he can do it. He worked hard one his selection were he had to face roger one on one in order to be selected he lost several time but he didn’t give up. His coach inspired him a lot it was him who made him strong, his advice, â€Å"The quality of a man’s life is in direct proportion to his commitment to excellence, regard less of his chosen field of endeavor† (page #148).He then started playing game so good that he became star of Readan. He lost his loves one people who he inspires and loves. He lost his grandmother his father’s friend Eugene and his sister. Their death made him upset and depressed his but he still managed to control himself and fulfill his biggest challenge. Life is not easy I believe struggle and challenges are parts of live. No matter who you are what you are life always brings challenges and struggles.Life always brings challenges and struggles but the most important thing is how you accept your challenges and struggle in order to succeed Arnold Sprit Jr. faced challenges and struggles from the day one of his life. In spite of all his problems in his life he managed and survived from all his struggle and challenges. I always knew that no matter what I have to face challenges in life as Arnold did. Many famous people in this world like Mahatma Gandhi, Martin Luther king and Christopher Columbus accepted challenges in life and succeeded.

Business Models Essays

Business Models Essays Business Models Essay Business Models Essay Cost per call: Per 3 minutes: 55 As can be seen, the price of using the substitute is relatively lower than the mobile handset; hence this factor also works in favor of the fixed landlines market. AS of 1999, Market Share of Landlines: 60. 38/ (exhibit 1) Growth rate of Landlines: 1. 5% From the market share it can be gauged that the customers of the fixed landlines were satisfied with the performance of the fixed landlines and it was exhibiting slow and steady growth. Substitutes like Pager and internet communication wasnt high at the moment. Bargaining power of suppliers: Since, the suppliers are government supplying spectrum and also because spectrum is a rare natural asset, bargaining power of supplier is high. Due to strong factors like lobbying by corporate and other government regulations, the bargaining power of supplier of spectrum, the government would always remain strong. The other suppliers, which are the manufacturing partners, also have high bargaining power as the carrier operators dont have their own manufacturing operations and hence rely on these suppliers big time. Bargaining power of buyers: Many network providers (5 in number) give the buyers enough opportunity to switch twine operators making their bargaining power high The telecoms business by the end of 1999, became a highly volume dependent business. Also, there was a huge decline in Average Revenue Per User (ARPA) of the customers which also meant the operators had to fight on volumes. This definitely made the bargaining power if buyers high. Threat of new entrants: High capital expenditures meant the entrants had to have deep pockets before entering the industry. Deregulation of the industry was done at a fast pace which lead to a large number of foreign carriers, and competition increased many times. But as mentioned, the market was soon moving towards saturation due to maturity which could hence see lower new entrants in the future but for the time, the threat of new entrants could be considered high due to enormous growth opportunity. 2 3 Intensity of rivalry: The structure of competition Dotcom 50%, 13% Did, DID 8%, J Phone 14% Tuck 7%. Hence, implying higher rivalry since the competition structure is concentrated and not fragmented. The structure of industry costs Industries with high fixed costs encourage competitors to fill unused capacity by price cutting. Cape/Sales ratio is 25% implying high fixed cost component which leads to higher competition intensity. Degree of differentiation Since the telecoms services are standardized, the degree of differentiation is less thereby suggesting a higher rivalry intensity. Switching costs rivalry is increased where buyers have low switching costs I. E. There is a low cost associated with the decision to buy a product from an alternative supplier Exit barriers here barriers to leaving an industry are high then competitors tend to exhibit greater rivalry. Overall, analyzing the industry forces, one can easily see the wireless telecoms industry is not attractive at the time of the launch of the I-mode services. 4 Q (a) How did Dotcom create distinct value at low cost? Dotcom created distinct value by the following strategic choices which they made: Active partnering with handset manufacturers and information providers lead them to create a Win-win partnership network. They shared the technology and know with partners to help them stay ahead of competition. Dotcom adopted c-HTML for its new service, which is compact version of HTML. Displayed on the new Dotcom service. For subscription only websites, Dotcom collected fees as part of its monthly bill. It saved transaction cost and time to customer. Deregulation has lead to entry of many equipment manufacturers. It resulted into high competition among them and low cost. Unlike mobile services, charges were based on amount of data transmitted, rather than time of usage. Dotcom didnt purchase content providers but accredited official websites and mobile phones to be used with new service. Buying content providers could have imposed more fixed cost on Dotcom. They had secondary sources of revenue like advertisements on on mode. They could therefore provide services to customers at subsidized rates. Further the advertisement business attracted addition content providers to the network. They had an established distribution network which they used to deliver mode phones and services at small marginal costs. All these choices lead Dotcom to differentiate itself sufficiently from its competitors and lead to higher WET of the customers hence creating value. Q (B) How did Dotcom Combine the strength of Mobile Phone and PC Internet? Dotcom combined the strength of mobiles (Portability) and PC Internet (Information on web) in I -Mode. Dotcom collaborated with Sun Microsystems developing a new application that allowed Video games and financial services on I-mode. Both PCs as well as mobile phones. Moreover, I-mode was launched at a time when most telecoms operators were focusing on technology races and price competition over voice based wireless devices. Regular mobile telephony had reached a high level of sophistication, but it offered few data based services such as e-mail, news and games and transaction capabilities. The I-mode succeeded in bringing together the key features of both these industries and hence created unique utility. Q(C) How did the value curve of Dotcom Differ from Mobile phone and Internet? Value Curve for mobile phones and PC internet: Value Price Youth Focus Customized service Ease of use Voice call and video telephony Penetration rate Access to internet (games, email, news etc) 70 50 20 10 Mobile Phone Low High Not available PC Internet Available Mobile Fig: value curves 5 Difference between I-mode dotcom value curve and those above: The value curves of the general mobile phone and the PC internet are shown graphically above. BY combining the key advantages of the two industries of cell phone and PC internet, the Dotcom, with its I-mode service, created a totally different value curve for itself. For the a small premium of 25% more than regular phones, the users could buy mode handsets. It gave the users access to I-mode network through a monthly rental and access to subscription sites by extra fees. The value curve of the I-mode dotcom handsets would the best features of both mobiles and PC internet, although the price would be higher than the mobile phones due to extra fees. It has high ease of use, youth focus and customized service, making it the best value curve available at the time. The prices set for the content sites were benchmarks against weekly magazines most Japanese pick up, hence the customers loud shift from magazines to the online content service, leading to no extra cost to them actually. Q) How did Dotcom make profits out of its I-Mode services? We have explained this answer in two ways, first by explaining the business model of Dotcom I-mode and second by the Blue Ocean Idea Index. Blue Ocean Idea Index BOO Index Utility Cost Adoption Dotcom I-Mode ANT Doctors I-mode was launched in Japan at a time when most telecoms operators were focused on voice based wireless devices. I-Mode was launched to offer the Internet on cell phones. The I-mode service brought together the key advantages of he cell phone industry and the PC internet industry. This created unique and superior buyer utility. The services offered by the I-mode were made available at a price which was accessible to the mass of buyers. The various fees/charges involved were in a zone where it reached the masses quickly. ANT Dotcom also worked hard to obtain the capabilities needed to deliver the service within its cost target in order to turn a profit. By creating a good partnership network with its manufacturing partners, the company achieved its target costs. Also, collaborative arrangements with key foreign partners reduced developmental costs. Finally, a special team was created with young people and a new head was given mandate and autonomy and the team head held open discussions with the team members on how to create the new market for mobile 6 data communications. All this created a favorable corporate environment for the adoption of I-mode. As explained above, the I-mode service passed all four criteria on the BOO index, hence it was able to capture market and generate huge revenues and profits Business Model of Dotcom I-mode 7 Dotcom made several strategic choices to help it create and capture value to make refits out of I-mode project. The strategic choice lead to important consequences which lead to more tangible results and created a value loop leading to more profits. The important choice of accreditation of official websites and phones to be used with the new service lead to high volumes of customers and which lead to more content which lead to more customers and this formed a virtuous circle. The choice of autonomous team made of young employees and appointment of a new dynamic head of the team lead to more innovation which lead to a better product, leading to an increase in the WET of the customers. The choice of using widely adopted technologies lead to easy flow and conversion of data which lead to more easy partnering with content providers and hence lower costs to them. Partnerships with Sun and Simian lead to lower development costs and faster launch time leading to more reliability, eventually leading to more volumes and higher profits. Electronic concierge along with many other choices led to easy to use products, which lead to higher acceptability among the customers and hence higher volumes and higher pay for the customers and hence higher revenues and profits. 8

Committee on Public Information, Americas WWI Propaganda Agency

Committee on Public Information, America's WWI Propaganda Agency The Committee on Public Information was a government agency created during World War I to distribute information intended to influence public opinion to inspire support for Americas entry in the war. The organization was essentially a propaganda arm of the federal government, and was presented to the public and the Congress as a reasonable alternative to government censorship of war news. The administration of Woodrow Wilson believed a government office dedicated to providing favorable publicity for the cause of entering the war was necessary. Americans had never sent an army to Europe. And joining the war on the side of Britain and France was a concept that needed to be sold to the public the way an ordinary consumer product might be sold. Key Takeaways: Committee on Public Information Government propaganda agency was created to convince American public of the necessity of the U.S. entering World War I.Public and Congress believed that the CPI would ensure no censorship of the press, and that reliable information would be provided.Agency provided tens of thousands of public speakers, arranged events to sell bonds and promote the war, created posters, and published booklets.Following the war there was a backlash against the agency, and excesses of war fervor were blamed on it. In its few years of operation, the Committee on Public Information (CPI) fed material to newspapers and magazines, commissioned advertising campaigns, and produced propaganda posters. It even arranged for thousands of public speakers to appear all over the country, making the case for Americans to fight in Europe. Overcoming Skepticism A rationale for creating the CPI, as it became known, was rooted in controversies which arose in 1916, when the U.S. government was becoming increasingly concerned with suspected spies and saboteurs. Woodrow Wilson’s attorney general, Thomas Gregory, proposed controlling the flow of information by censoring the press. Congress resisted that idea, as did newspaper publishers and members of the public. In early 1917, with the issue of censoring the press still being discussed, a magazine writer with a reputation as a crusading muckraker, George Creel, wrote to President Wilson. Creel proposed forming a committee that would provide information to the press. By having the press voluntarily agree to being fed information it would avoid censorship. Forming the Committee Creel’s idea found favor with Wilson and his top advisers, and by executive order Wilson created the committee. Besides Creel, the committee included the Secretary of State, Secretary of War, and Secretary of the Navy (what today would be the Defense Department was still split between Army and Navy departments). The formation of the committee was announced in April 1917. In a front-page story on April 15, 1917, the New York Times reported that the three cabinet secretaries on the committee had sent President Wilson a letter, which was made public. In the letter, the three officials said America’s great present needs are confidence, enthusiasm, and service. The letter also stated: While there is much that is properly secret in connection with the departments of the government, the total is small compared to the vast amounts of information that is right and proper for the people to have. George Creel, head of the United States Committee on Public Information. Time Life Pictures / Getty Images The letter also put forth the idea that two functions, identified as â€Å"censorship and publicity,† could happily coexist. George Creel would be the head of the committee, and could operate as a government censor, but it was assumed that the newspapers would happily accept war news as distributed by the government and would not have to be censored. CPI Key Messages and Techniques Creel quickly got to work. During 1917, the CPI organized a speaker’s bureau, which dispatched more than 20,000 individuals (some accounts give much higher numbers) to give short speeches supporting the American war effort. The speakers became known as The Four-Minute Men for the brevity of their speeches. The effort was successful, and gatherings from club meetings to public performances, soon featured a speaker talking of America’s duty to join the war in Europe. The New York Times, on December 30, 1917, published a story about the Four-Minute Men which indicated how common they had become: â€Å"The work of the Four-Minute Men has recently been extended to that representative speakers appear weekly in almost every moving picture house. The subject matter is prepared and the speaking is directed from Washington†¦ In each state there is an organization of Four-Minute Men. â€Å"The number of speakers now totals 20,000. Their topics are matters of national importance connected with the war plans of the government.† Creel believed the more lurid stories of German atrocities would not be believed by the public. So in the early months of his operation he directed speakers to focus on how Americans would be fighting to support freedom and democracy in the face of German brutishness. By 1918 the CPI was urging its speakers to make use of wartime atrocity stories. One writer, Raymond D. Fosdick, reported seeing a church congregation cheer after a speaker described German atrocities and called for the German leader, Kaiser Wilhelm, to be boiled in oil. On February 4, 1918, the New York Times published a brief news story headlined Bar Hymns of Hate. The article said the CPI had sent out instructions to its Four-Minute Men to tone down extreme material. If Your Soldiers Hit Poster by E.M. Gean Jackson, a film by the Committee on Public Information. swim ink 2 llc  /  Getty Images The CPI also distributed a number of printed materials, beginning with booklets that made the case for war. A news story in June 1917 described the proposed â€Å"War Booklets,† and noted that 20,000 copies would be sent to newspapers nationwide while the Government Printing Office would print many more for general circulation. The first of the War Booklets, titled How the War Came to America, consisted of 32 pages of dense prose. The lengthy essay explained how it had become impossible for America to remain neutral, and that was followed by reprints of speeches by President Wilson. The booklet was not terribly engaging, but it got the official message out in a handy package for public circulation. More lively material was put out by the CPI’s Division of Pictorial Publicity. Posters produced by the office encouraged Americans, through the use of vivid illustrations, to work in war-related industries and buy war bonds. Controversies In the summer of 1917, newspaper publishers were shocked to learn the government had directed the companies controlling transatlantic telegraph traffic to divert cables to the CPI in Washington to be reviewed before they were routed to the newspaper offices. After an outcry, the practice was stopped, but it would be cited as an example of how Creel and his organization had a tendency to overstep. Creel, for his part, was known for having a bad temper, and often put himself into controversies. He insulted members of Congress, and was forced to apologize. And no less a public figure than Theodore Roosevelt, the former president, criticized the CPI. He claimed the agency had been trying to punish newspapers which had supported America entering the conflict but then had become skeptical of the administration’s conduct of the war. In May 1918, the New York Times published a lengthy story headlined Creel as a Recurrent Storm Centre. The article detailed various controversies Creel had found himself in. A sub-headline read: How the Governments Publicity Man Has Shown Himself an Adept at Getting Into Hot Water With the Congress and the Public. During the war the American public did become infused with a patriotic fervor, and that led to excesses, such as German-Americans being targeted for harassment and even violence. Critics believed official CPI booklets such as German War Practices were incitements. But George Creel and other defenders of the CPI, pointing out that private groups were also distributing propaganda materials, insisted the less responsible organizations had inspired any bad behavior. Impact of the Committee’s Work Theres no question that Creel and his committee had an impact. Americans came around to support intervention in the war, and participated widely in supporting the effort. The success of war bond drives, known as the Liberty Loan, was often attributed to the CPI. Yet the CPI came in for much criticism after the war, when it became clear that information had been manipulated. In addition, the war fervor stoked by Creel and his committee may have had an influence on events following the war, particularly the Red Scare of 1919 and the notorious Palmer Raids. George Creel wrote a book, How We Advertised America, in 1920. He defended his work during the war, and he continued to work as a writer and political operative until his death in 1953. Sources: The Creel Committee. American Decades, edited by Judith S. Baughman, et al., vol. 2: 1910-1919, Gale, 2001. Gale Virtual Reference Library.George Creel. Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2nd ed., vol. 4, Gale, 2004, pp. 304-305. Gale Virtual Reference Library.

Corporate Social Responsibility within Islamic prospectives Literature review

Corporate Social Responsibility within Islamic prospectives - Literature review Example The values and the principles which have been in place since the time of Prophet Mohammed serve as the CSR foundation in Islam. Islam fundamentals are not subject to change. They include aqidah, referring to belief and faith, ibadah, which means worship and akhlaq, which refers to morality and ethics. In secondary fields such as economics, business and other activities the manifestation of these fundamentals will need flexibility and development in accordance with the time and space. Hence, in Islam the idea of CSR is always subject to change depending on the various needs of the community and the society. According to Islam human represents God and that the whole creation was formed by God. Human being God’s representative therefore, has a great obligation to look after the creation of God. The CSR concept In Islam covers an extensive meaning, in that it embraces God consciousness dimension which is referred to as the taqwa. In all situations, group of individuals takes up di fferent roles and responsibilities as servants. According to Hassan (2002), values of truthfulness, fairness, kindness, uprightness instead of envy and discrimination inspires the relationship with God. This normally manifested naturally in various activities in business and even in the relationship with all the stakeholders.